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Int J Med Sci 2024; 21(3):540-546. doi:10.7150/ijms.90273 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Prescription of glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists and risk of subsequent open-angle glaucoma in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Chih-Chun Chuang1,2,3, Kai Wang4,5,6, Chao-Kai Chang7,8, Chia-Yi Lee1,7,9, Jing-Yang Huang1,10, Heng-Hsiung Wu11, Po-Jen Yang12,13,✉, Shun-Fa Yang1,10,✉

1. Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
2. Department of Ophthalmology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
3. Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
4. Department of Ophthalmology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
5. Departments of Ophthalmology, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
6. School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan.
7. Department of Ophthalmology, Nobel Eye Institute, Taipei, Taiwan.
8. Department of Optometry, Da-Yeh University, Chunghua 515, Taiwan.
9. Department of Ophthalmology, Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Taichung, Taiwan.
10. Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
11. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
12. Department of Family and Community Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
13. School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.

✉ Corresponding authors: Shun-Fa Yang, Ph.D. or Po-Jen Yang, MD, Ph.D., Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Tel: +886-4-24739595 ext. 34253; Fax: +886-4-24723229; E-mail: ysfedu.tw (Shun-Fa Yang); E-mail: More

Citation:
Chuang CC, Wang K, Chang CK, Lee CY, Huang JY, Wu HH, Yang PJ, Yang SF. Prescription of glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists and risk of subsequent open-angle glaucoma in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Med Sci 2024; 21(3):540-546. doi:10.7150/ijms.90273. https://www.medsci.org/v21p0540.htm
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Abstract

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Background: The glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) is an antidiabetic medication with vascular protection and anti-inflammatory properties. Theoretically, the use of GLP-1RA should inhibit the development of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) as both vascular damage and inflammation are associated with OAG. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the association between the application of GLP-1RA and the subsequent OAG in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study by using data from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. Participants with T2DM were divided into those who used GLP-1RA and those who did not, forming the GLP-1RA and control groups. The primary outcome was the occurrence of OAG based on diagnostic codes. Cox proportional hazard regression was employed to calculate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for OAG.

Results: 91 patients in the control group developed OAG, and 40 patients in the GLP-1RA group developed OAG. After adjustment for all covariates, the GLP-1RA group exhibited a significantly lower incidence of OAG compared with the control group (aHR: 0.712, 95% CI: 0.533-0.936. P = 0.0025). In the subgroup analyses, the association between GLP-1RA use and OAG incidence was more pronounced in patients with T2DM using GLP-1RA and aged younger than 60 years (P = 0.0438).

Conclusion: The prescription of GLP-1RA is associated with a lower incidence of subsequent OAG in individuals with T2DM, and this association was more significant in patients with T2DM under the age of 60 years.

Keywords: glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist, open angle glaucoma, epidemiology, age, vascular

Citation styles

APA
Chuang, C.C., Wang, K., Chang, C.K., Lee, C.Y., Huang, J.Y., Wu, H.H., Yang, P.J., Yang, S.F. (2024). Prescription of glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists and risk of subsequent open-angle glaucoma in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 21(3), 540-546. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.90273.

ACS
Chuang, C.C.; Wang, K.; Chang, C.K.; Lee, C.Y.; Huang, J.Y.; Wu, H.H.; Yang, P.J.; Yang, S.F. Prescription of glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists and risk of subsequent open-angle glaucoma in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int. J. Med. Sci. 2024, 21 (3), 540-546. DOI: 10.7150/ijms.90273.

NLM
Chuang CC, Wang K, Chang CK, Lee CY, Huang JY, Wu HH, Yang PJ, Yang SF. Prescription of glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists and risk of subsequent open-angle glaucoma in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Med Sci 2024; 21(3):540-546. doi:10.7150/ijms.90273. https://www.medsci.org/v21p0540.htm

CSE
Chuang CC, Wang K, Chang CK, Lee CY, Huang JY, Wu HH, Yang PJ, Yang SF. 2024. Prescription of glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists and risk of subsequent open-angle glaucoma in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Med Sci. 21(3):540-546.

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