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Int J Med Sci 2023; 20(8):993-999. doi:10.7150/ijms.82591 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Risk Factors Associated with COVID-19 Mortality in the State of Durango, Mexico

Sebastián Eduardo González Villarreal1, Sergio Manuel Salas Pacheco1, Fernando Vázquez Alaniz2, María Irene Betancourt Conde2, José Manuel Salas Pacheco3, Karla Cecilia Castillo Vazquez2, Alma Cristina Salas Leal3, Omar Alejandro Tremillo Maldonado4, Juan Antonio Rojas Contreras5, Erik Iván Hernández Cosain6, Mónica García Montelongo1✉

1. Laboratorio Estatal de Salud Pública de Durango, Secretaría de Salud, Servicios de Salud de Durango, Zip Code 34206, Durango, México.
2. Unidad de Investigación, Hospital General 450. Servicios de Salud, Zip Code 34206, Durango, México.
3. Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Zip Code 34000, Durango, México.
4. Departamento de investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Zip Code 34070, Durango, México.
5. Dpto. de Ings. Química y Bioquímica, UPIDET, Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Zip Code 34080, Durango, México.
6. Facultad de Medicina y Nutrición, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Zip Code 34000, Durango, México.

✉ Corresponding author: monica.garciamx

Citation:
González Villarreal SE, Salas Pacheco SM, Vázquez Alaniz F, Betancourt Conde MI, Salas Pacheco JM, Castillo Vazquez KC, Salas Leal AC, Tremillo Maldonado OA, Rojas Contreras JA, Hernández Cosain EI, García Montelongo M. Risk Factors Associated with COVID-19 Mortality in the State of Durango, Mexico. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20(8):993-999. doi:10.7150/ijms.82591. https://www.medsci.org/v20p0993.htm
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Abstract

Graphic abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused over six million deaths worldwide since its emergence in Wuhan China, factors associated with COVID-19 mortality, such as comorbidities, age, and observed symptomatology still remain a major subject of study. In the present work, a total of 16,345 SARS-CoV-2 positive cases from Durango Mexico diagnosed from May 2020 to December 2021 were analyzed to establish an association of COVID-19 mortality with clinical and demographic variables in a case-control study. Selected variables include patient age, smoking status, sex, presence of comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes and obesity, as well as patient symptomatology such as fever, dyspnea, abdominal pain and diarrhea. Results indicate that among analyzed data, the median age was 43 years; 54% were female, with a mortality rate of 5.66%. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that the comorbidities associated with the highest risk factor were advanced age (>60) with an odds ratio of 4.127 (IC 95%, 3.37-5.05), hypertension with 1.961 (IC 95%, 1.57-2.45), diabetes with 1.753 (IC 95%, 1.39-2.20) and obesity with 1.413 (IC 95%, 1.11-1.78) respectively. On the other hand, the symptom associated with the highest risk factor was dyspnea with an odds ratio of 18.369 (IC 95%, 14.42-23.39). Our data suggests an association between hypertension and old age with COVID-19 mortality. Other findings include the prevalence of dyspnea, polypnea and cyanosis as a major predictor for COVID-19 mortality, as well as lower mortality risks among health workers.

Keywords: COVID-19, Durango, Comorbidities

Citation styles

APA
González Villarreal, S.E., Salas Pacheco, S.M., Vázquez Alaniz, F., Betancourt Conde, M.I., Salas Pacheco, J.M., Castillo Vazquez, K.C., Salas Leal, A.C., Tremillo Maldonado, O.A., Rojas Contreras, J.A., Hernández Cosain, E.I., García Montelongo, M. (2023). Risk Factors Associated with COVID-19 Mortality in the State of Durango, Mexico. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 20(8), 993-999. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.82591.

ACS
González Villarreal, S.E.; Salas Pacheco, S.M.; Vázquez Alaniz, F.; Betancourt Conde, M.I.; Salas Pacheco, J.M.; Castillo Vazquez, K.C.; Salas Leal, A.C.; Tremillo Maldonado, O.A.; Rojas Contreras, J.A.; Hernández Cosain, E.I.; García Montelongo, M. Risk Factors Associated with COVID-19 Mortality in the State of Durango, Mexico. Int. J. Med. Sci. 2023, 20 (8), 993-999. DOI: 10.7150/ijms.82591.

NLM
González Villarreal SE, Salas Pacheco SM, Vázquez Alaniz F, Betancourt Conde MI, Salas Pacheco JM, Castillo Vazquez KC, Salas Leal AC, Tremillo Maldonado OA, Rojas Contreras JA, Hernández Cosain EI, García Montelongo M. Risk Factors Associated with COVID-19 Mortality in the State of Durango, Mexico. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20(8):993-999. doi:10.7150/ijms.82591. https://www.medsci.org/v20p0993.htm

CSE
González Villarreal SE, Salas Pacheco SM, Vázquez Alaniz F, Betancourt Conde MI, Salas Pacheco JM, Castillo Vazquez KC, Salas Leal AC, Tremillo Maldonado OA, Rojas Contreras JA, Hernández Cosain EI, García Montelongo M. 2023. Risk Factors Associated with COVID-19 Mortality in the State of Durango, Mexico. Int J Med Sci. 20(8):993-999.

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