International Journal of Medical Sciences
ISSN: 1449-1907
3.2
Impact Factor
ISSN: 1449-1907
Global reach, higher impact
Int J Med Sci 2019; 16(8):1107-1115. doi:10.7150/ijms.33106 This issue Cite
Research Paper
The extracts of Astragalus membranaceus enhance chemosensitivity and reduce tumor indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase expression
1. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
2. Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;
3. Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;
4. Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;
5. Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan;
6. Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
# These authors contributed equally to this paper.
Citation:
Phacharapiyangkul N, Wu LH, Lee WY, Kuo YH, Wu YJ, Liou HP, Tsai YE, Lee CH. The extracts of Astragalus membranaceus enhance chemosensitivity and reduce tumor indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase expression. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16(8):1107-1115. doi:10.7150/ijms.33106. https://www.medsci.org/v16p1107.htm
Other stylesAbstract
Astragalus membranaceus has been shown to possess anti-inflammation and antitumor properties. Several studies have indicated that extracts of Astragalus membranaceus (PG2) have growth inhibitory effects on tumor. However, the effect of PG2 on enhancing the chemotherapy, modulating tumor immune escape and their mechanism of action is unknown and need further investigation. Connexin (Cx) 43 is ubiquitous in cells and involved in facilitating the passage of chemotherapeutic drugs to bystander tumor cells. The indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) depletes tryptophan, reduces the active T cell number and destroys immune surveillance. Herein, we provide evidence that the treatment of PG2 induced Cx43 expression, decreases IDO expression and enhances the distribution of chemotherapeutic drug. However, the effects of combination therapy (PG2 plus cisplatin) in animal models significantly retarded tumor growth and prolonged the survival. We believe that the information provided in this study may aid in the design of future therapy of PG2, suggest suitable combinations with chemotherapies.
Keywords: Astragalus membranaceus, PG2, Connexin 43, Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase, Combination therapy
Citation styles
APA
Phacharapiyangkul, N., Wu, L.H., Lee, W.Y., Kuo, Y.H., Wu, Y.J., Liou, H.P., Tsai, Y.E., Lee, C.H. (2019). The extracts of Astragalus membranaceus enhance chemosensitivity and reduce tumor indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase expression. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 16(8), 1107-1115. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.33106.
ACS
Phacharapiyangkul, N.; Wu, L.H.; Lee, W.Y.; Kuo, Y.H.; Wu, Y.J.; Liou, H.P.; Tsai, Y.E.; Lee, C.H. The extracts of Astragalus membranaceus enhance chemosensitivity and reduce tumor indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase expression. Int. J. Med. Sci. 2019, 16 (8), 1107-1115. DOI: 10.7150/ijms.33106.
NLM
Phacharapiyangkul N, Wu LH, Lee WY, Kuo YH, Wu YJ, Liou HP, Tsai YE, Lee CH. The extracts of Astragalus membranaceus enhance chemosensitivity and reduce tumor indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase expression. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16(8):1107-1115. doi:10.7150/ijms.33106. https://www.medsci.org/v16p1107.htm
CSE
Phacharapiyangkul N, Wu LH, Lee WY, Kuo YH, Wu YJ, Liou HP, Tsai YE, Lee CH. 2019. The extracts of Astragalus membranaceus enhance chemosensitivity and reduce tumor indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase expression. Int J Med Sci. 16(8):1107-1115.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions.