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Int J Med Sci 2021; 18(4):873-882. doi:10.7150/ijms.51268 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury after Hemorrhagic Shock by Increasing Autophagy

Hao Zhou*, Lin Li*, Hao Sun, Hua Li, Yuxuan Wu, Xiaomin Zhang, Jinsong Zhang✉

Emergency Department, Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital and Jiangsu Province Hospital, NanJing City, China.
* Hao Zhou and Lin Li contributed equally.

✉ Corresponding author: Jinsong Zhang. MD, Emergency Department, Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital and Jiangsu Province Hospital, Guangzhou Street 300, NanJing City, Jiangsu Province, China. Email: zhangjsoedu.cn. Phone: 86-13 More

Citation:
Zhou H, Li L, Sun H, Li H, Wu Y, Zhang X, Zhang J. Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury after Hemorrhagic Shock by Increasing Autophagy. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18(4):873-882. doi:10.7150/ijms.51268. https://www.medsci.org/v18p0873.htm
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Abstract

Fluid resuscitation after hemorrhagic shock is a model of systemic ischemia/reperfusion injury (SI/RI), and the liver is one of the main target organs. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) can reduce hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/RI) via autophagy. However, whether remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) can alleviate the liver injury that is secondary to hemorrhagic shock and the role of autophagy in this process remain unclear. Thus, we constructed a hemorrhagic shock model in rats with or without RIPC to monitor mean arterial pressure (MAP) and investigate liver secondary injury levels via serum aminotransferase, ultrasound, HE staining and TUNEL fluorescence staining. We also detected levels of serum inflammatory factors including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELLSA), observed autophagosomes by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and analyzed LC3, Beclin-1, p62 protein expression levels by immunohistochemical (IHC) and western blot (WB). We found that RIPC increased blood pressure adaptability, decreased lactate (Lac) and aminotransferase levels, and delayed the decrease in liver density. Levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β and apoptosis were attenuated, autophagosomes was increased in the RIPC group compared with controls. IHC and WB both revealed increased LC3 and Beclin-1 but decreased p62 protein expression levels in the RIPC group. Together, our data suggest that RIPC-activated autophagy could play a protective role against secondary liver injury following hemorrhagic shock.

Keywords: Remote ischemic preconditioning, hemorrhagic shock, hepatic, ischemia-reperfusion injury, autophagy.

Citation styles

APA
Zhou, H., Li, L., Sun, H., Li, H., Wu, Y., Zhang, X., Zhang, J. (2021). Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury after Hemorrhagic Shock by Increasing Autophagy. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 18(4), 873-882. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.51268.

ACS
Zhou, H.; Li, L.; Sun, H.; Li, H.; Wu, Y.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, J. Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury after Hemorrhagic Shock by Increasing Autophagy. Int. J. Med. Sci. 2021, 18 (4), 873-882. DOI: 10.7150/ijms.51268.

NLM
Zhou H, Li L, Sun H, Li H, Wu Y, Zhang X, Zhang J. Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury after Hemorrhagic Shock by Increasing Autophagy. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18(4):873-882. doi:10.7150/ijms.51268. https://www.medsci.org/v18p0873.htm

CSE
Zhou H, Li L, Sun H, Li H, Wu Y, Zhang X, Zhang J. 2021. Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Attenuates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury after Hemorrhagic Shock by Increasing Autophagy. Int J Med Sci. 18(4):873-882.

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