Int J Med Sci 2014; 11(5):426-435. doi:10.7150/ijms.6540 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Neural Cell Apoptosis Induced by Microwave Exposure Through Mitochondria-dependent Caspase-3 Pathway

Hongyan Zuo1*, Tao Lin1, 2*, Dewen Wang1✉, Ruiyun Peng1✉, Shuiming Wang1, Yabing Gao1, Xinping Xu1, Yang Li1, Shaoxia Wang1, Li Zhao1, Lifeng Wang1, Hongmei Zhou3

1. Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27, Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China;
2. High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Material Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, 350, Shushanhu Road, Shushan District, Hefei 230031, China;
3. Department of Radiation Protection and Health Physics, Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27, Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100850, China.
* These authors contributed equally to this work.

Citation:
Zuo H, Lin T, Wang D, Peng R, Wang S, Gao Y, Xu X, Li Y, Wang S, Zhao L, Wang L, Zhou H. Neural Cell Apoptosis Induced by Microwave Exposure Through Mitochondria-dependent Caspase-3 Pathway. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11(5):426-435. doi:10.7150/ijms.6540. https://www.medsci.org/v11p0426.htm
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Abstract

To determine whether microwave (MW) radiation induces neural cell apoptosis, differentiated PC12 cells and Wistar rats were exposed to 2.856GHz for 5min and 15min, respectively, at an average power density of 30 mW/cm2. JC-1 and TUNEL staining detected significant apoptotic events, such as the loss of mitochondria membrane potential and DNA fragmentation, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy and Hoechst staining were used to observe chromatin ultrastructure and apoptotic body formation. Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining was used to quantify the level of apoptosis. The expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-3 and PARP were examined by immunoblotting or immunocytochemistry. Caspase-3 activity was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed chromatin condensation and apoptotic body formation in neural cells 6h after microwave exposure. Moreover, the mitochondria membrane potential decreased, DNA fragmentation increased, leading to an increase in the apoptotic cell percentage. Furthermore, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, expression of cytochrome c, cleaved caspase-3 and PARP all increased. In conclusion, microwave radiation induced neural cell apoptosis via the classical mitochondria-dependent caspase-3 pathway. This study may provide the experimental basis for further investigation of the mechanism of the neurological effects induced by microwave radiation.

Keywords: Apoptosis, Caspase-3, Microwave, Mitochondria, PC12 cells.


Citation styles

APA
Zuo, H., Lin, T., Wang, D., Peng, R., Wang, S., Gao, Y., Xu, X., Li, Y., Wang, S., Zhao, L., Wang, L., Zhou, H. (2014). Neural Cell Apoptosis Induced by Microwave Exposure Through Mitochondria-dependent Caspase-3 Pathway. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 11(5), 426-435. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.6540.

ACS
Zuo, H.; Lin, T.; Wang, D.; Peng, R.; Wang, S.; Gao, Y.; Xu, X.; Li, Y.; Wang, S.; Zhao, L.; Wang, L.; Zhou, H. Neural Cell Apoptosis Induced by Microwave Exposure Through Mitochondria-dependent Caspase-3 Pathway. Int. J. Med. Sci. 2014, 11 (5), 426-435. DOI: 10.7150/ijms.6540.

NLM
Zuo H, Lin T, Wang D, Peng R, Wang S, Gao Y, Xu X, Li Y, Wang S, Zhao L, Wang L, Zhou H. Neural Cell Apoptosis Induced by Microwave Exposure Through Mitochondria-dependent Caspase-3 Pathway. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11(5):426-435. doi:10.7150/ijms.6540. https://www.medsci.org/v11p0426.htm

CSE
Zuo H, Lin T, Wang D, Peng R, Wang S, Gao Y, Xu X, Li Y, Wang S, Zhao L, Wang L, Zhou H. 2014. Neural Cell Apoptosis Induced by Microwave Exposure Through Mitochondria-dependent Caspase-3 Pathway. Int J Med Sci. 11(5):426-435.

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